This paper examines Malaysia's involvement in energy-related foreign policy, both via bilateral and multilateral engagements, from the perspective of neoliberal institutionalism. This study seeks to assess the significance of energy in Malaysia's economy and diplomacy, as well as elucidate Malaysia's rationale for participating in these collaborations. It is necessary due to Malaysia's increasing engagement in the global energy market. Data for this research was collected from many government sources, interviews, published statistical data, and prior studies. The report illustrates the crucial role that energy plays in Malaysia's economy. To fulfil the objective, the SWOT analysis is adopted, as it provides both internal and external perspectives on and pros and cons of energy diplomacy endeavours. The SWOT is a framework of analysis which covers the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that are applicable to Malaysia’s currently existing and possible future participation in regional energy cooperation. It is essential for Malaysia to be able to identify its strength and in order to better plan its future roles and exploits any potential opportunities. The significance of energy diplomacy may also imply potential prospects and is covered under the subheading strengths or opportunities as deemed appropriate. On the other hand, the impacts of consequences of energy diplomacy which may imply liabilities or challenges are covered under the subheading weaknesses or threats, depending on the nature of the subject. Therefore, whereas an issue which is perceived as a potential challenge or difficulty may be addressed under the subheading weaknesses or threats, its potential solutions may be deliberated under strengths or opportunities. Malaysia for its part should attempt to make use of its geographic and technical advantages to play a proactive role in the regional energy cooperation, without undermining its own national interests.

Keywords: Energy diplomacy, ASEAN Power Grid, Regional cooperation, SWOT analysis.

Dr. Rabiul Islam is currently an Associate Professor at the School of International Studies of the College of Law, Government, and International Studies at the University of Utara Malaysia. He received his PhD in Environmental Economics from the Institute for Environment and Development at University Kebangsaan Malaysia. He was also a post-doctoral fellow in University Kebangsaan Malaysia. His research focuses on international trade, environmental economics, food security, climate change, and political economy. He has published more than 150 renowned journal papers in various journals as well as presented several keynote speakers at different international conferences in different countries.